jacobinmag | Their profession is heavily unionized. Culturally, they have more in
common with bus drivers than business executives. Many come from
working-class backgrounds.
Yet on the beat, police come in contact with — to question, to
arrest, to brutalize — the most disadvantaged. This presents a problem
for radicals. If the Left stands for anything, it’s worker emancipation
and labor militancy. But police and others in the state’s coercive
apparatus, workers themselves in many respects, are the keepers of class
society. Their jobs exist to maintain social control and protect the
status quo.
The introduction of unions to this portion of the state raises
additional concerns. Can “coercive unions” ever advocate for the broader
working class, rather than members’ narrow self-interests? Or are
police unions irredeemably reactionary?
It’s easy to focus on the individual over the institution. Not a few
police officers are drawn to the profession out of a desire to “serve
the public.” Many genuinely want to serve, and take great pride in their
chosen occupation. Police don’t have to enjoy breaking up protests;
they don’t have to be racists or hate homeless people. But once they
decide to do their jobs, institutional exigencies overwhelm personal
volition. When there’s mass resistance to poverty and inequality, it’s
the cops who are summoned to calm the panic-stricken hearts of the
elite. They bash some heads, or infiltrate and disrupt some activist
groups, and all is right in the world again.
Such is the inherent defect of law-enforcement unionism: It’s peopled
by those with a material interest in maintaining and enlarging the
state’s most indefensible practices.
It’s hard to imagine how it could be any different. Chicago teachers,
exemplifying the kind of social-movement unionism that defends the
working class broadly, organized the community before their strike by
trumpeting a vision of equitable education. The Left cheered. How could
anything similar be achieved by prison guards? A police strike would
appear to signal an incipient authoritarianism, cops untamed by
democratic dictates. How could empowering police — increasingly
militarized and shot through with a culture of preening brutality —
yield anything but stepped-up repression? How could the traditional
socialist goal of worker self-management result in anything but a
dystopia of metastasizing prisons, imperious cops, and Minuteman-esque
border-patrol guards? The best we can hope for from police, it seems, is
passivity.
As Kristian Williams documents in Our Enemies in Blue,
professionalized policing arose in the United States amid urbanization
in the 1820s and 1830s. Controlling “dangerous” classes (principally of
the industrial working variety), more than ameliorating any pronounced
spike in crime, was the reason for its formation. The institution had
its roots in slave patrols, which were established to control the
behavior of slaves — the “dangerous” classes of that day.
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