wikipedia | The FBI Indexes are a system used to track American citizens and other people by the Federal Bureau of Investigation
(FBI) before the adoption by the FBI of computerized databases. The
name signifies that the lists were originally made on paper index cards,
compiled by J. Edgar Hoover before he became director of the FBI.[1] The Index List was used to track U.S. citizens and others believed by the FBI to be dangerous to national security,
and was subdivided into various divisions which generally were rated
based on different classes of danger the subject was thought to
represent. There is no indication the FBI stopped adding names onto its
Index List before September 11, 2001.[citation needed]
After September 11, 2001, the date which the FBI folded its Index List into the Terrorist Screening Database
(TSDB) is unknown, while the FBI consolidates the TSDB from other lists
and manages its information. The TSDB is currently available to all
U.S. national security agencies, while select information contained on
the TSDB is forwarded to other nation states and international security
agencies.
The Security Index pertained to the FBI list of dangerous individuals
who might commit acts inimical to the national defense and public
safety of the United States in time of emergency.[11]
The list also included those who could be arrested upon the order of a
U.S. President invoking the Emergency Detention Program. The Reserve
Index, on the other hand, listed all left-wingers and individuals
suspected of being a Communist. By 1950s, for instance, there were 5,000 names under the Security Index while the Reserve Index had 50,000 in the Chicago field office.[12]
An individual in the Reserve Index could be transferred to the Security
Index if such individual posed a threat to U.S. interests in a period
of national emergency.[13]
A difference between these indices involved their color scheme. The
files of those under the Security Index were all in white while the
Reserve Index varied in colors depending on the occupation of the
subject.[12]
Prominent figures listed in the Security Index include Martin Luther King. The FBI had been monitoring his activities with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
since 1957 and by 1962, he was finally listed in the FBI index due to
the involvement of two of his advisers with the U.S. Communist Party,
although he failed to meet the criteria for inclusion in the Security
Index.[14]
The Security Index itself was merged with the Agitator Index and
the Communist Index. Renamed to the Reserve Index in 1960, this index
included a Section A for teachers, doctors, lawyers, entertainers, and
other people considered influential and not politically conservative.
Hoover had Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. added to the Reserve Index,
Section A, in retaliation for his civil rights work and worldwide
popularity.[15]
0 comments:
Post a Comment