wikipedia | The Pacifying Police Unit (Portuguese: Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora, also translated as Police Pacification Unit), abbreviated UPP, is a law enforcement and social services program pioneered in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which aims at reclaiming territories, more commonly favelas, controlled by gangs of drug dealers. The program was created and implemented by State Public Security Secretary José Mariano Beltrame, with the backing of Rio Governor Sérgio Cabral. The stated goal of Rio's government is to install 40 UPPs by 2014.
For decades, many of Rio de Janeiro's favelas have been controlled by
gangs of armed drug traffickers. Beginning with the first UPP that was
implemented in Dona Marta
in 2008, many of Rio's major favelas have received pacifying police
forces; which are a permanent community presence within the favelas that
have them. For decades, Rio has seen a cycle of police raiding favelas,
having shootouts with traffickers, and then withdrawing again. And also
part of the cycle were frequent wars between different traffickers,
leading to more shootouts, endangering the lives of the people living in
many of these favelas.
The favelas chosen for the UPP program have previously not paid for public utilities but would have to pay fees to whatever criminal organization controlled the area; this often leads to a recurrence of extortion and tax evasion.
Therefore the concept for the UPP (which was given even more impetus once Rio was chosen to host the FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympic Games) was finally put into action as a first-step solution to deal with the urban cycle of violence.
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