thehumanist | The legislation of morality is widespread; from blasphemy to gay inequality
to reproductive rights, religious majorities actively persecute those
with differing values through the codification of morality. And while
many of these marginalized groups have seen notable public support, the
public is largely silent when it comes to the marginalization of those
who choose to use drugs. Just as religion often labels those with
alternative sexual preferences as morally corrupt or evil, so too does
religion judge those who choose to use drugs and alcohol as morally
inferior.
Part of the philosophy of humanism is to stand against outdated codes
of morality that persecute and make life difficult for people. Just as
LGBT issues are humanist issues, so too are drug and alcohol issues.
When evaluating how society treats inebriants, science and reason should
be the standards by which we create policy, not ancient religious
texts. Most comparative policy studies agree that drug and alcohol abuse
should be regarded as a public health issue, as opposed to a criminal
justice issue, and that public funds are best spent on drug treatment
and prevention rather than enforcement and incarceration.
Predominant theocratic norms have so influenced society that tacit
acquiescence for religious prejudice has largely replaced critical
analysis when it comes to social attitudes towards drug use. Indeed,
there is little opposition, even among nontheists, to laws that
persecute those who choose to use drugs. However, humanism and human
decency afford that individuals with varying values and beliefs should
be respected, not shunned.
One example of a largely unopposed, overly harsh drug law in the
United States is the Higher Education Act’s Aid Elimination Penalty,
which states that any individual with a misdemeanor drug offense is to
be barred from receiving federal financial aid to attend college.
Because of the provision, hundreds of thousands of promising students
have been forced to drop out of college because of minor, nonviolent
drug offenses. The penalty was introduced in 1998 by Rep. Mark Souder
(R-IN), a Christian conservative whose battles included anti-abortion
legislation and the prohibition of online gambling. Heavily influenced
by his religion, when asked about his position on abortion, Souder
responded, “the closer to the clearness of the Bible, the less ability I
should have to compromise.” Ironically, this moral crusader left office
in 2010 after admitting to an affair with a staffer, lamenting in his
resignation speech that he had “sinned against God.”
- See more at: http://thehumanist.org/march-april-2013/prohibition-humanism/#sthash.pjJFzCvB.dpuf
While drug laws that prevent access to education have untold social costs, the
financial burdens of the war on sin can be more easily calculated. In
2010 alone, the Office of National Drug Control Policy estimates that
this so-called war cost the U.S. federal government $15 billion, and
state governments another $25 billion. Incarceration costs alone can be
staggering. In 2011 the State of California spent $45,006 per inmate and
approximately 31 percent of all California inmates were booked on drug
offenses. To put that into perspective, the state spent $8,667 per
college student in the same year. Because of the war on drugs’ mandatory
minimum sentencing laws, Americans now comprise 4.4 percent of the
world’s population, but 23.4 percent of its prison population.
The Obama administration has at least vocalized concerns regarding
the failure of national drug policy. As stated in its recently released
2012 National Drug Control Strategy: “science has shown that drug
addiction is not a moral failing but rather a disease of the brain that
can be prevented and treated.” However, upon review of the actual
policy, many have concluded that the only thing changed is the wording.
“This strategy is nearly identical to previous national drug
strategies,” stated Bill Piper, the director for national affairs at the
Drug Policy Alliance. “While the rhetoric is new, reflecting the fact
that three-quarters of Americans consider the drug war a failure, the
substance of the actual policies is the same.” Green Party presidential
candidate Dr. Jill Stein raised similar concerns, noting that “President
Obama promised to use a science-based approach to public policy. But
when it comes to marijuana, he has continued the unscientific policies
of George Bush, and has even gone far beyond Bush in his attacks upon
medical marijuana clinics.”
Eighty-some years ago, the primary motivations for ending the alcohol
prohibition were the staggering economic costs of enforcement, as well
as the huge impact of lost tax revenues. A 1929 pamphlet distributed by
the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment estimated that the
total loss of federal tax revenues was $861 million, the equivalent of
$108 billion dollars today. The nation, in the midst of the Great
Depression, was in desperate need of these tax revenues to implement
economic stimulus programs, and so in 1932 a bipartisan effort saw the
passing of the Twenty-first Amendment. Perhaps a similar appeal to
reason can be made in our current time of financial uncertainty. If
nothing else, perhaps religious lawmakers can be made to see that their
war on sin has failed in economic terms.
Ideally, a majority of lawmakers may eventually come to realize that
drug experimentation is a natural human phenomenon—that humans are
instinctively attracted to mind-altering substances.
technologyreview | BGI-Shenzhen, once known as the Beijing Genomics Institute, has burst
from relative obscurity to become the world’s most prolific sequencer of
human, plant, and animal DNA. In 2010, with the aid of a $1.58 billion
line of credit from China Development Bank, BGI purchased 128
state-of-the-art DNA sequencing machines for about $500,000 apiece. It
now owns 156 sequencers from several manufacturers and accounts for some
10 to 20 percent of all DNA data produced globally. So far, it claims
to have completely sequenced some 50,000 human genomes—far more than any
other group.
