unz | Middle Eastern, North African, and Pakistani populations are even more extreme. You can see it in the figure above. Across short runs of homozogosity the results converge onto what you’d expect, roughly. But Middle Eastern populations are a huge anomaly at long runs. That’s because of this:
From 20–50% of all marriages in the GME are consanguineous (as compared with 0.2% in the Americas and Western Europe)1, 2, 3, with the majority between first cousins. This roughly 100-fold higher rate of consanguinity has correlated with roughly a doubling of the rate of recessive Mendelian disease19, 20. European, African, and East Asian 1000 Genomes Project populations all had medians for the estimated inbreeding coefficient (F) of ~0.005, whereas GME F values ranged from 0.059 to 0.098, with high variance within each population (Fig. 2c). Thus, measured F values were approximately 10- to 20-fold higher in GME populations, reflecting the shared genomic blocks common to all human populations. F values were dominated by structure from the immediate family rather than historical or population-wide data trends (Supplementary Fig. 8). Examination of the larger set of 1,794 exomes that included many parent–child trios also showed an overwhelming influence of structure from the immediate family, with offspring from first-cousin marriages displaying higher F values than those from non-consanguineous marriages (Fig. 2d).
For me this was the most interesting, and sad, result:
Despite millennia of elevated rates of consanguinity in the GME, we detected no evidence for purging of recessive alleles.Instead, we detected large, rare homozygous blocks, distinct from the small homozygous blocks found in other populations, supporting the occurrence of recent consanguineous matings and allowing the identification of genes harboring putatively high-impact homozygous variants in healthy humans from this population. Applying the GME Variome to future sequencing projects for subjects originating from the GME could aid in the identification of causative genes with recessive variants across all classes of disease. The GME Variome is a publicly accessible resource that will facilitate a broad range of genomic studies in the GME and globally.
The theory is simple. If you have inbreeding, you bring together deleterious recessive alleles, and so they get exposed to selection. In this way you can purge the segregating genetic load. It works with plants. But humans, and complex animals in general, are not plants. More precisely the authors “compared the distributions of derived allele frequencies (DAFs) in GME and 1000 Genomes Project populations.” If the load was being purged the frequency of deleterious alleles should be lower in the inbreeding populations. It wasn’t.
Middle Easterners should stop marrying cousins to reduce the disease load.
ICH | The entirety of the August 14 print edition
of the New York Times Magazine is dedicated
to a series titled “Fractured Lands: How the Arab World Came Apart,” by Scott Anderson. The series is
60 pages long and includes detailed sketches of the
lives of six people from various parts of the Middle
East dating back to the years before the 2003 US
invasion of Iraq, through the Arab Spring, the rise
of ISIS in 2014-15, and the migratory outpouring
from the war-torn region.
The
magazine’s editor-in-chief, Jake Silverstein, notes
in a foreword to the series:
“This is an
issue unlike any we have previously published…the
subject of this book is the catastrophe that has
fractured the Arab world since the invasion of Iraq
13 years ago, leading to the rise of ISIS and the
global refugee crisis. The geography of this
catastrophe is broad and its causes are many, but
its consequences—terror and uncertainty around the
world—are familiar to us all.”
Silverstein
concludes his editor’s note: “It is unprecedented
for us to focus so much energy and attention on a
single story and to ask our readers to do the same.
We would not do so were we not convinced that this
is one of the most clear-eyed, powerful and human
explanations of what has gone wrong in this region
that you will ever read.”
The
publication of “Fractured Lands” has an objective
significance. The presentation, the content and the
tone of the series express the American ruling
class’ sense that it faces a catastrophe of
historically unprecedented proportions in the Middle
East. When Anderson asks in his preface: “Why did it
turn out that way?” he is asking on behalf of a
ruling class that is dazed by the catastrophic
outcome of its own reckless and shortsighted
policies.
For the
last 25 years, US imperialism has laid waste to a
span of territory stretching several thousand miles
from North Africa to Central Asia, leaving over 1
million dead. A new vocabulary of words like “shock
and awe,” “extraordinary rendition,” “black site
prison,” “disposition matrix” and “Terror Tuesday”
has emerged as the language of the US wars. A
significant portion of the region’s 200 million
people has been left homeless or have fled for safe
haven abroad. Next January, Barack Obama will leave
office as the first president in US history to serve
his entire two terms while the country was at war.
“Fractured
Lands” is an apologia for the record of American
imperialism. Its author has served as a war
correspondent for 33 years and has worked for the
New York Times for the last 17. He is a
prolific, educated writer and recently published a
historical book on the post-World War One
imperialist carve-up of the Middle East. Whatever
Anderson’s intentions, “Fractured Lands” is a “human
interest” story that serves to justify “human rights
imperialism” and pave the way for new wars.
“Fractured
Lands” makes the argument that the nation-state
system established in the aftermath of the First
World War failed to conform sufficiently to the
various tribal, ethnic and religious divisions in
the region. Anderson concludes that the collapse of
the bourgeois nationalist governments in Syria,
Egypt, Iraq and Libya proves the necessity for
racial and ethnic groups to fill the political
vacuum and fight among themselves to establish
fiefdoms and zones of tribal influence. “Fractured
Lands” acknowledges that this may involve ethnic
cleansing. The author concludes by contemplating
whether pogroms and genocide may be necessary to
establish order in the region.
ICH | No one paying attention with even one eye and half an ear can be ignorant of the fact that when it
comes to this year’s election the MSM are lying
shills for Hillary. But now it seems they’re all
suffering from amnesia too.
The latest “OMG, Trump said that!” moment
is The Donald’s claim that Barack Obama and Hillary
Clinton are, correspondingly, the “founder” and
“cofounder” of ISIS. True to form, the media
reaction has been to shriek in outrage that he would
cast aspersions on such august personages.
As of this
writing, not one American media source of which this
writer is aware has brought up in relation to
Trump’s claims the August 2012 report (declassified
and released in 2015 under a FOIA request from
Judicial Watch) from the Defense Intelligence
Agency (DIA) stating that “there is the possibility
of establishing a declared or undeclared Salafist
principality in Eastern Syria, and this is exactly
what the supporting powers to the opposition want,
in order to isolate the Syrian regime.” The
“supporting powers” are identified as “western
countries” (no doubt including and led by the United
States), “the Gulf States” (presumably including and
led by Saudi Arabia), and “Turkey” (just Turkey).
In August 2012 the Secretary of State at the time
was one Hillary Rodham Clinton. The President was
and still is one Barack Hussein Obama.
The DIA report said, in essence, that if we (the
U.S. and our local cronies) keep aiding al-Qaeda,
the Muslim Brotherhood, and other such sterling
democrats, something really nasty would arise in
eastern Syria. Several months later, it did, when
ISIS declared itself a state straddling the
Syria-Iraq border.
tomdispatch | One day recently, I was getting ready to hit the Oakland streets in search of a witness to a murder when I found in my email Justice Sonia Sotomayor'sdissentin the Supreme Court Case ofUtah v. Strieff. It had been forwarded to me by a psychologist with whom I once worked on a death penalty case.
Anyone lulled into thinking thenew coalitionof liberals and conservatives who hope to reform the criminal justice system will actually get somewhere should readStrieff. The facts are the following: a Salt Lake City cop was watching a home rumored to house methamphetamine dealers. When Edward Joseph Strieff left the house, the cop stopped him, questioned him, and checked his record. When the cop found a warrant for an unpaid parking ticket, he searched Strieff, found meth in his pockets, and arrested him for possession of drugs. InStrieffand other cases leading up to it, the Supreme Court has now decreed that evidence gathered in an illegal search isn’t "the fruit of the poisoned tree" as Justice Felix Frankfurterput itin 1939, and so no longer must be suppressed. Even though gathered illegally, evidence can be used at trial against a defendant.
In short, stop-and-frisk policing and racial profiling, key targets of thenew civil rights movement, just got a stamp of approval from the highest court in the land.
Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Elena Kagan also dissented. But it was Sotomayor who sounded the alarm in an opinion evoking nothing less than James Baldwin'sThe Fire Next Timeand adding quotations from W.E.B. Du Bois, Ta-Nehisi Coates, and Michelle Alexander for good measure.
She wrote:
"The Court today holds that the discovery of a warrant for an unpaid parking ticket will forgive a police officer’s violation of your Fourth Amendment rights. Do not be soothed by the opinion’s technical language: this case allows the police to stop you on the street, demand your identification, and check it for outstanding traffic warrants -- even if you are doing nothing wrong. If the officer discovers a warrant for a fine you forgot to pay, courts will now excuse his illegal stop and will admit into evidence anything he happens to find by searching you after arresting you on the warrant. Because the Fourth Amendment should prohibit, not permit, such misconduct, I dissent."
And she concluded:
"This case tells everyone, white and black, guilty and innocent, that an officer can verify your legal status at any time. It says that your body is subject to invasion while courts excuse the violation of your rights. It implies that you are not a citizen of a democracy but the subject of a carceral state, just waiting to be catalogued.
“We must not pretend that the countless people who are routinely targeted by police are 'isolated.' They are the canaries in the coal mine whose deaths, civil and literal, warn us that no one can breathe in this atmosphere."
Sotomayor's dissent describes daily existence for my defendants. Too poor to buy car insurance, fix broken tail lights, pay parking tickets, or get green cards, they are always on high alert for the police. (Alice Goffman's brilliant study,On the Run: Fugitive Life in an American City, describes just how it works in one of Philadelphia's poorest neighborhoods). My defendants have been sentenced to life in a war zone even before they find themselves charged in court. They have been sentenced to a life without parole or sometimes to death, caught as they are in a crossfire between cops and warring neighborhood gangstas.
A warrant for, say, unpaid parking tickets discovered in aStrieff-approved stop gets you a search of yourself and your car by police and maybe a bust for weed, the intoxicant of choice for many of the poor. If you object or run or the arresting officer is having a bad day, it may get you dead. (Refusing to pay protection money to your neighborhood punks or standing on the wrong corner at the wrong time may do the same.)
Once you're arrested, if you say you want a lawyer, you get a public defender with so many cases she or he may not even be able to meet you or read the complaint against you before you appear in court. You may serve weeks or months in jail, even if you're innocent, before your case is heard, and years before you are tried.
kcur | A standoff in Kansas City, Kansas, ended Tuesday afternoon when law enforcement officers at the scene decided the risk of injury to bystanders outweighed serving an arrest warrant.
The standoff began around 8:20 a.m. with a man at 5701 Parallel Parkway refusing to come out of a house.
KCK Police Chief Terry Zeigler tweeted shortly before noon that his officers had come to the assistance of U.S. Marshals trying to serve a warrant to the man, who had failed to register as a sex offender.
Had a warrant for his arrest. When Marshal Service went to get him, he threatened them. We were asked for help.https://t.co/eWJ7NyDW07
— Terry Zeigler (@KCKPDChief)August 16, 2016
The man was later identified as convicted sex offender and gospel singer Greg Andrews, whose yard is full of homemade signs accusing Wyandotte County District Attorney Jerome Gorman of corruption.
Andrews’ wife and two of his sons were home at the time. Speaking through a bullhorn, Andrews and his wife Renee repeatedly stated their willingness to die if police didn’t leave. As the standoff dragged into the afternoon, a crowd gathered across Parallel Parkway.
Around 2 p.m., police commanders determined the best course of action would be to stand down.
ipsnews | Today the global ratio for the world’s 7.4 billion people has been
halved to about three children per elderly person. While Africa’s
population continues to have the highest ratio with nearly 12 children
per elderly person, the ratios for Asia and Latin America are close to
the current world average. In contrast, the population of Europe, which
just recently experienced the Historical Reversal, has slightly less
than one child per elderly person.
By 2075 the world’s projected
population of 10.7 billion is expected to pass through the Historical
Reversal with elderly persons becoming increasingly more numerous than
children (Figure 1). The only major region that will not experience the
Historical Reversal during the 21st century is Africa, which is
projected to have 1.5 children per elderly person in 2100 with some
countries, such as Niger, Nigeria and Somalia, having more than twice as
many children as elderly. At that time, all the other major regions of
the world are expected to have about twice as many elderly persons as
children.
engenderhealth | The unintended pregnancy rate in the United States is significantly
higher than in many other developed countries. Currently, about half
(51%) of the 6.6 million pregnancies in the United States each year are
unintended. Unintended pregnancies among adolescents are particularly
high in Texas. Today, Texas teens are less likely than their national
peers to use condoms, oral contraceptives, or any other method of
contraception during sexual intercourse. Each year, more than 76,000
Texas girls between the ages of 15 and 19 become pregnant, giving the
state the third highest teenage pregnancy rate in the United States.
Despite these growing numbers, many public schools in Texas teach an
abstinence-only curriculum, leaving a large number of teens without the
sexual and reproductive health information they desperately need.
EngenderHealth is working to change this. In Travis County, where the teen pregnancy rate exceeds that of the state’s, we work directly with young people between the ages of 14 and 16 who are at a high risk of becoming teen parents. And in both Austin and Dallas, we are partnering with Planned Parenthood of Greater Texas
to educate young people about how traditional gender norms and intimate
partner violence can influence their risk of pregnancy. Our work in
Texas equips teens with the tools they need to make smart decisions
about their sexual and reproductive health and to determine their own
futures.
RealClearPolitics | "Black Lives Matter is endangering the fairness of our legal system. Because they're rooting for outcomes based on race. Started a long time ago. Started with the O.J. Simpson case."
BostonGlobe | To support an organization or movement that promotes anti-Semitism
because it also supports good causes is the beginning of the road to
accepting racism. Many racist groups have also promoted causes that
deserve support. The Black Panthers had breakfast programs for
inner-city children, while advocating violence against whites. And the
Ku Klux Klan organized summer camps for working-class families, while
advocating violence against blacks.
There must be zero tolerance
for anti-Semitism, regardless of the race, religion, gender, or sexual
orientation of the bigots who promote, practice or are complicit with
it. Being on the right side of one racial issue does not give one a
license to be on the wrong side of the oldest bigotry.
To give
Black Lives Matter a pass on its anti-Jewish bigotry would be to engage
in racism. Black anti-Semitism is as inexcusable as white anti-Semitism
or white racism. There can be no double standard when it comes to
bigotry.
I write this column both in sorrow and in anger. In
sorrow because I support the goals of the Black Lives Matter movement — I
have long been involved in efforts to expose and prevent police abuses —
and worry that this obnoxious and divisionary platform plank may
destroy its credibility with regard to police abuse in America by
promoting deliberate lies about Israel. It is also alienating Jewish and
other supporters who could help them achieve their goals here at home —
as many such individuals have historically done in actively supporting
all aspects of the civil rights movement.
WSJ | Residents in Sherman Park and other African-Americans in Milwaukee blamed the city’s extremely segregated communities for the eruption of tensions over the weekend, said their neighborhoods are seeing social services being cut and residents moving away. Sherman Park and areas immediately surrounding it have few commercial businesses except for liquor stores and fast food restaurants, and residents here say they have little by way of opportunity. Foreclosed homes dot the street, and almost every other car is badly dented.
The Brookings Institution, a Washington, D.C.-based think tank, described Milwaukee earlier this year as “the most segregated metro area in the United States,” with 260 of its 296 census tracts having one demographic group account for 60% of the population. Nearly a fifth of the tax base is in 3% of thecity’s land area. While a new office tower is rising downtown here, slated to be the city’s second tallest, homes here in Sherman Park are crumbling.
“The only thing we can hope for after something as shocking as this is that there will be a new sense of togetherness and a realization that we must do better,” said Mr. Southerland. “We have to move forward.”
Guardian | A few months ago, a well-publicised paper claimed that the great beasts
of the Americas – mammoths and mastodons, giant ground sloths, lions and
sabretooths, eight-foot beavers, a bird with a 26-foot wingspan – could
not have been exterminated by humans, because the fossil evidence for
their extinction marginally pre-dates the evidence for human arrival.
I have never seen a paper demolished as elegantly and decisively as
this was at last week's conference. The archaeologist Todd Surovell
demonstrated that the mismatch is just what you would expect if humans were responsible.
Mass destruction is easy to detect in the fossil record: in one layer
bones are everywhere, in the next they are nowhere. But people living at
low densities with basic technologies leave almost no traces. With the
human growth rates and kill rates you'd expect in the first pulse of
settlement (about 14,000 years ago), the great beasts would have lasted
only 1,000 years. His work suggests that the most reliable indicator of
human arrival in the fossil record is a wave of large mammal
extinctions.
These species were not just ornaments of the natural world. The new
work presented at the conference suggests that they shaped the rest of
the ecosystem. In Britain during the last interglacial period,
elephants, rhinos and other great beasts maintained a mosaic of
habitats: a mixture of closed canopy forest, open forest, glade and sward.
In Australia, the sudden flush of vegetation that followed the loss of
large herbivores caused stacks of leaf litter to build up, which became
the rainforests' pyre: fires (natural or manmade) soon transformed these
lush places into dry forest and scrub.
In the Amazon and other regions, large herbivores moved nutrients from rich soils to poor ones,
radically altering plant growth. One controversial paper suggests that
the eradication of the monsters of the Americas caused such a sharp loss
of atmospheric methane (generated in their guts) that it could have
triggered the short ice age which began about 12,800 years ago, called
the Younger Dryas.
Is this all we are? A diminutive monster that can leave no door
closed, no hiding place intact, that is now doing to the great beasts of
the sea what we did so long ago to the great beasts of the land? Or can
we stop? Can we use our ingenuity, which for two million years has
turned so inventively to destruction, to defy our evolutionary history?
FP | If there is any singular feature that characterizes how many
Americans understand our national relation to violence, it is our
ingenuity at looking the other way, at siloing problems away from one
another, and at disavowing, sublimating, or repackaging our complicity
in the most easily observable patterns.
Signs of supposed progress in expressions of American violence often
disguise profound continuities. For example: The era of highly visible
public lynchings, which is estimated to have claimed some 5,000 lives,
has passed. Yet since then we have moved on to an institutionalized
death penalty regime, wherein states that previously had the highest numbers of lynchings
now have the greatest numbers of black people on death row. Both per
capita and in raw numbers, America’s prisons warehouse more human beings
than any other country on the planet, and its police demonstrate a clear pattern of racial bias in killing their fellow citizens at a rate stratospherically higher than that of any of its supposed peer nations. U.S. soldiers are deployed in some 135 countries, and the number of troops actually engaged in combat is almost certainly much higher than authorities are willing to admit. Meanwhile, America is far and away the world’s largest exporter of weapons, with the global arms industry’s largest and most profitable players based in the United States and reaping booming markets in conflict zones while being heavily subsidized by federal and state tax dollars.
Everyday Americans may not be “inherently more prone to violence,”
but our way of life is certainly structured around violence and around
selectively empowering, quarantining, directing, and monetizing it at
home and abroad. The majority of Americans apparently find no cognitive
dissonance in this arrangement, if we even perceive it at all. Instead,
we express bafflement and outrage that we are not something other than
what we are and what we have always been. Plumbing what lurks within the
“essential American soul,” a cynic might suggest, is a self-indulgent
exercise, a red herring. The better question might be whether we even
have one in the first place.
marketwatch | Poor economies impact countries in a number of detrimental ways
including higher rates of poverty, unemployment and chronic disease.
Now, a new study shows the bad economy is to blame for another unfortunate trend: the rise of #swoleness.
Skim
through any fitness enthusiast’s Instagram, and you’ll find allusions
to being “swole” — or in Herculean shape. Since the 2008 economic
crisis, more men have taken to social media to post images of their fit
bodies, according to the Journal of Gender Studies report. The trend,
which experts have dubbed “spornosexuality,” reflects men attempting to
seek validation through their bodies, instead of more conventional
means, such as their work.
“Austerity has eroded young men’s
traditional means of value-creation so they have become increasingly
reliant on their bodies as a means of feeling valuable in society,” said
study author Jamie Hakim, a professor at the University of East Anglia
in the United Kingdom. “In theoretical terms, so-called
‘spornosexuality’ is an embodied response to material changes brought
about by neoliberal austerity.”
WaPo | When Gaye Clark prayed to God to send her daughter Anna a “godly, kind” husband, she got exactly what she asked for.
Glenn
was a devout Christian who volunteered at church, mentoring kids in an
after-school program. By day, he worked as an applications developer for
Blue Cross and Blue Shield, and he was well on his way to becoming “a
great dad and a good provider,” Clark said.
Glenn was a
gentleman, too. Clark noticed that he’d hold doors open for Anna, even
at the grocery store. Her daughter seemed happy, she said.
But there was one thing the 53-year-old mother was hung up on: Glenn was a black man with dreadlocks.
Clark,
a white freelance writer and cardiac care nurse from Georgia, confessed
in a blog post Tuesday on the website the Gospel Coalition, or TGC,
that she initially struggled with the idea of her daughter marrying an
African American man. In it, she explained how she ultimately came to
embrace her daughter’s decision, and offered some advice for parents
like her to consider if they, too, are hesitant about a child’s
interracial marriage.
NYTimes | In late July, The American Conservative ran an interview with J. D. Vance that drew so much traffic it briefly crippled
the central nervous system of the magazine’s website. The interviewer’s
last line implored readers to have a look at Mr. Vance’s publishing
debut, “Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis.”
Ever since, his book has hovered at high altitude on Amazon, seldom
dipping below No. 10.
After
reading “Hillbilly Elegy,” you can easily understand why. This is a
historically peculiar election cycle, boisterously disrupted by
outsiders, one of whom found the perfect host body in the Republican
Party and became its presidential nominee. An investigation of voter
estrangement has never felt more urgent, and we’re certainly not getting
one from the lacquered chatterers on the boob tube.
Now,
along comes Mr. Vance, offering a compassionate, discerning
sociological analysis of the white underclass that has helped drive the
politics of rebellion, particularly the ascent of Donald J. Trump.
Combining thoughtful inquiry with firsthand experience, Mr. Vance has
inadvertently provided a civilized reference guide for an uncivilized
election, and he’s done so in a vocabulary intelligible to both
Democrats and Republicans.
Imagine that.
On the checklist of modern privilege, Mr. Vance, 31, has the top four in the bag: He is white, male, straight and Protestant.
unz | Among the many factors that contribute to death is one that is
scarcely noticed: a deadly self-conception. The classic example is the
person who defines himself as a fearsome, brave warrior anxious to risk
everything—including almost certain death—for personal glory. The
pursuit of pleasure can also be self-destructive. For example, in the
1970s and 80’s thousands of young gay males came to believe that being
authentically gay entailed engaging in promiscuous unprotected anal sex.
Unfortunately, a similar death-inviting self-image currently
flourishes among countless young, underclass black males. Central is
resisting police authority, energetically fighting back, or at least
fleeing if arrested regardless of circumstances. Eric Garner was the
classic example. Surely he must have realized the futility of escape
since he was surrounded by multiple police officers and even if he did
manage to momentarily break free, he would have been quickly apprehended
(and the resisting arrest effort would compound his punishment). Did
Michael Brown reasonably expect that wrestling with Officer Wilson and
shooting him with the policeman’s own gun was a prudent strategy to
escape the relatively minor charges of robbery and obstructing traffic?
What is the benefit of taunting and mocking police officers when they
try to arrest you? In other words, rational calculations in such police
encounters cannot justify the risky misbehavior. Rather, a cultural
ethos exists, perhaps comparable to WW II Japanese banzai charges where certain death in battle outshined cowardly surrender.
This “resistance” mentality might even be viewed as an anti-law
enforcement “lifestyle.” It is reflected in today’s “ghetto look” where
youngsters purposely imitate those who’ve been arrested–beltless
trousers, untied shoes, and a scowling angry demeanor. Popular
tee-shirts now declare “Snitches Get Stiches.” The anti-cop message
is ubiquitous in rap and hip-hop music. Twenty-five years ago the group
N.W. A. released what became a classic—“Fuck tha Police” and it has
created a multi-million dollar musical genre ever sensitive to the
latest incident of alleged police brutality. Following Ferguson
anti-police songs were released by G-Unit, Public Enemy, the Game among
several others. Indeed, some blacks in Ferguson now celebrate Michael Brown as a hero. And, of course, there’s the anti-cop Black Lives Matter—fry them like bacon–Movement ever anxious to portray those killed by resisting arrest saint-like martyrs.
WaPo | In other countries, workers
organizing to defend their rights not only formed unions to protect them
on the job, but also labor or socialist political parties to protect
them as a class — the working class. Building off surges of worker
protest, these parties won pro-labor reforms, either by winning office
or posing enough of a political threat to get ruling parties to act.
More broadly, they expanded notions of democratic citizenship
to include many of the social welfare benefits like health care and old
age security that are now taken for granted. Overall, this wove
workers’ rights more tightly into the fabric of democracy, making it
harder to unravel them.
This
didn’t happen in the United States. More precisely, it didn’t happen in
the same way. American workers fought for labor rights for decades, in
some cases tying their workplace struggles to broader political
movements and parties. Despite the many barriers to third parties in the
U.S., these parties managed to capture a small but significant part of
the vote in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, even holding some
state-level offices.
But that changed in the 1930s.
Although he came into office as a budget-cutting deficit hawk,
President Franklin Roosevelt’s advisors convinced him that responding to
growing worker and farmer protest with reforms could bring these groups
into the Democratic Party coalition. FDR’s rhetorical appeals to the
“forgotten man” and policy offerings like the National Labor Relations
Act absorbed key parts of these protest groups while dividing and
excluding others. On the one hand, this consolidated the liberal
coalition that characterizes the Democratic Party to this day. On the
other, it decisively undermined any left alternative to the Democrats.
Again,
looking at Canada is instructive. Despite fewer barriers to third
parties there, they had limited success until the 1930s. At that point,
both the mainstream parties, the Liberals and Conservatives, responded
to worker and farmer protests not with reforms, but with repression.
This drove the excluded groups to form an independent party, the
Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, which took root and lives on today
as the New Democratic Party.
U.S. unions seemed to get the better deal at the time, but the New Deal coalition was ultimately a “barren marriage.“ As
a junior partner within the Democratic Party, labor focused on its
“inside game” of influencing sympathetic allies to win reforms. Whatever
bargains it could win thus appeared not as broad gains for workers, but
as payoffs to a narrow Democrat “special interest.” By contrast,
Canadian labor’s electoral threat combined with worker mobilization
created a bargaining process to enforce industrial peace, one that even
labor’s opponents understood the value of maintaining. This ensured a
more legitimate Canadian labor law regime that strengthened over time.
CNN | Officials
from the FBI and Department of Justice met several months ago to
discuss opening a public corruption case into the Clinton Foundation,
according to a US official.
At
the time, three field offices were in agreement an investigation should
be launched after the FBI received notification from a bank of
suspicious activity from a foreigner who had donated to the Clinton
Foundation, according to the official.
FBI
officials wanted to investigate whether there was a criminal conflict
of interest with the State Department and the Clinton Foundation during
Clinton's tenure. The Department of Justice had looked into allegations
surrounding the foundation a year earlier after the release of the
controversial book "Clinton Cash," but found them to be unsubstantiated
and there was insufficient evidence to open a case.
As
a result, DOJ officials pushed back against opening a case during the
meeting earlier this year. Some also expressed concern the request
seemed more political than substantive, especially given the timing of
it coinciding with the investigation into the private email server and
Clinton's presidential campaign.
The
FBI's investigation into Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe and his tie to a
Clinton Foundation donor was also raised during the meeting. DOJ said
that probe could continue but declined to open a case on the foundation.
Representatives from the Clinton Foundation, FBI and DOJ declined to comment.
oftwominds |With Trump ascendant, the serfs are selecting the noble in the castle on the hill.Outrageous! Unheard of!
You
know the Establishment is freaking out when Establishment pundit
mouthpieces like David Brooks and Francis Fukuyama are freaking out
about Trump. David Brooks could not restrain his disdain for Trump
on a recent Charlie Rose segment, in which he intoned (and I paraphrase)
that Trump can't put eight words together without referring to himself,
i.e. he is not just a narcissist, but he is (take this, Trump!) a fragile narcissist-- unlike people like Brooks, of course, who are solid, secure, wise, well-educated, erudite water-carriers for the status quo.
Policy heavy-hitter Fukuyama confesses the political system in the U.S. is broken but
he can't understand why the citizenry has selected the "singularly
inappropriate instrument" (his description of Trump in the pages of Foreign Affairs) of Donald Trump to express their disdain for their neofeudal lords.
Well,
Mr, Fukuyama, let me explain it to you: the debt-serfs have selected
Trump precisely because the neofeudal financial-political nobility you
represent consider him a "singularly inappropriate instrument".
But, the pundits rage, he's a narcissist. He's fragile. (Now isn't that a
classic middle-brow slam from the hopelessly middle-brow ("I only sound
middle-brow due to my starring role in the mainstream media; actually
I'm brilliant beyond words") Brooks.
Policy guru Fukuyama has a much better turn of phrase, of course:
"narcissist" is way too common and middle-brow a critique at his level.
Thus we get "singularly inappropriate instrument" (ooh, now there's a
sharpened blade that slips easily between the ribs).
Dear Establishment pundits, flacks, hacks, sycophants, apparatchiks, toadies, lackeys, functionaries, leeches and apologists: the
more you label Trump as "singularly inappropriate," the more attractive
he becomes to the 81% who've been left behind by the
financialized-globalized-neofeudal order that has so greatly enhanced
your own wealth, influence and power.
dissidentvoice | Tim Di Muzio, a senior lecturer in international relations and
political economy at Wollongong University in Australia, has written a
book – The 1% and the Rest of Us: A Political Economy of Dominant Ownership
(Zed Books, 2015) – that answers so many questions and provides so much
relevant background to readily understand wealth and its
maldistribution.
Who comprise the 1%? Why is there an income and a wealth chasm and
why are the chasms widening? What does the existence of a 1% mean for
the 99%?
Looking at data from top financial institutions and using the
financial nomenclature (high net worth individuals, HNWIs, in place of
1%-ers), Di Muzio reveals that the 12 million HNWIs on a global scale
represent 0.2% of the population (p 32). The HNWIs are concentrated on
Turtle Island, Europe, and Asia (87%) and are predominantly male.
Di Muzio cites economists Jonathan Nitzan and Shimshon Bichler who
define capital as power rather than a mode of production: “… commodified
differential power expressed in finance and only in finance.” (p 50)
The goal of capitalists is differential accumulation – to primarily
increase the wealth gap between themselves and others: i.e., they seek
greater wealth inequality. (p 49) For this reason, the capitalist system
cannot rid wealth inequality or significantly reduce the inequality. (p
48)
Why this pursuit of differential accumulation? Di Muzio writes it is
pathological: “this addiction for wealth and power is destroying the
planet for future generations.” (p 9)
At the corporate level, the goal is the same: to gain a larger share of the wealth pie than competitors. (p 63)
Chapter 2 provides a solid overview on the capitalist mode of power:
commodification, legalizing organizations as firms, and capitalizing
income streams; finance: the bond market (of the government bond market,
Nitzan and Bichler are quoted: “the first systematic capitalization of power, namely, the power to tax. And since this power is backed by institutionalized force, the government bond represents a share in the organized violence of society.”
(p 77); the stock markets that “largely serve as the state-protected
markets by which dominant owners organise and redistribute ownership
claims to money and power.” (p 81); real estate; commodity and
derivatives market; the foreign exchange market whose “gradual emergence
… has facilitated the transnationalisation of dominant ownership and
the capitalisation of power” (p 85); the money and spot markets; central
and commercial banks; tax havens (“the private economy of the 1%, the
corporations they own and the illicit traffickers in arms and drugs.” (p
102).
How has this come about? “The market and price system were imposed on
humanity not as a matrix of choice but as a mechanism of domination.”
(p 134)
bnarchives | Building on the definition of critical education residing in the
crossroads of cultural politics and political economy, this theoretical
article offers an inquiry into the intersection between critical
education research and the central ritual of contemporary capitalism –
capitalisation. This article outlines four current approaches in
education research literature to the corporatisation of education. This
article argues that the approaches must rely implicitly on one of the
two major theories of capitalism: modern neoclassical economics or
Marxist political economy, even when the approaches are built on
cultural and sociological arguments. Without an explicit engagement with
the concept of capital and capitalisation, the approaches risk
appearing theoretically weak and reliant on moral assumptions. In this
sense, critical education literature would be strengthened by engagement
with international political economy (IPE) literature. This article
proposes to redress this lacuna in the literature by mobilising Jonathan
Nitzan's and Shimson Bichler's theory of capital as power to better
understand the corporatisation of education.
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